Biographies

Botanist. He was born on 3 January 1819 in Kumieciszki (formerly the Augustów Governorate) as the son of Józef, a peasant of Lithuanian origin, and Magdalena (née Kluczyńska). After graduating from the secondary school in Sejny, he studied for four years as a scholarship holder at the University of St Petersburg, obtaining the diploma of Candidate of Natural Sciences and a gold medal for a prize essay on the heather family (Ericaceae) in the vicinity of St Petersburg.

Until 1866 he taught natural history at the Real School in Warsaw; moreover, from 1844 he lectured on anatomy at the School of Fine Arts, and in 1855 he began lecturing at the School of Pharmacy. After its dissolution in 1857, he took up lectures in botany and zoology at the Medico-Surgical Academy. In 1862 he undertook a scientific trip to Germany and France. In the autumn of the same year he became a full professor at the Main School of Warsaw, and from 1864 served as director of the Botanical Garden, a post he held until 1878 (14 years), also during the period of the Imperial University of Warsaw.

He was a respected educator, an excellent organizer, and a distinguished social activist. On his initiative, among other things, a Pomological Garden (with fruit trees) was established, the first Horticultural School in Poland was organized, as well as a Beekeeping Society and Museum; interest in sericulture was promoted, and the Warsaw Horticultural Society was founded—of which he was for some time president and later an honorary member. Among his scientific and popular works worthy of note are, among others: O budowie i rozwoju sporangiów u śluzowców (1872, in Russian), O chorobach drzew leśnych i owocowych, Grzyby jadalne i trujące (1884; “Encyklopedia Rolnicza”, jointly with F. Błoński) and O powstawaniu w roślinach zarodka bez poprzedniego zapłodnienia (“Pamiętnik Towarzystwa Lekarskiego Warszawskiego”, 1859). He collaborated with many publishers and was a member of numerous scientific societies in Poland and abroad. He died on 13 January 1894 in Warsaw and was buried at Powązki Cemetery.

Botanist, mycologist, zoologist, algologist, philosopher. He was born on 3 November 1933 in Lublin. He spent the war years in Podlasie. He attended secondary school in Krzeszowice near Kraków. Because of his exceptional abilities, the Ministry of Higher Education and Science directed him to study in the USSR. He graduated from Lomonosov Moscow State University in 1956, specializing in entomology under Prof. E. Smirnov. He then worked as an aspirant in the Department of Entomology at Moscow University (the equivalent of doctoral studies).

In 1957 he returned to Poland. He was a senior assistant in the Laboratory of Applied Entomology at the Institute of Ecology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, also worked in the Department of Plant Production and Plant Protection of the Ministry of Agriculture, and from 1965 he was associated with the Department of Plant Systematics and Geography of the University of Warsaw, where he worked until the end of his life.

In 1966 he defended his doctoral dissertation Studium nad owadomorkowatymi (Entomophthoraceae) Polski i krajów ościennych. In 1977 he obtained the habilitation degree on the basis of the dissertation Filogeneza a struktury taksonomiczne Entomophthoraceae i struktura ontogenezy, filogeneza a taksonomia Volvocales. At the University and beyond he held numerous teaching and organizational functions. In 1975–1981 he worked at the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology of the Polish Academy of Sciences. He was a member of the Committee for Evolutionary and Theoretical Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences and was recognized as an outstanding biology educator. He enriched the herbarium with collections of algae and fungi, including representatives of the families Entomophthoraceae, Olpidiaceae and the order Chytridiales. He is the author of the textbook Zarys hydromikologii (PWN, Warsaw 1975). He died on 8 March 1997 in Warsaw.

Botanist, florist. He was born in 1826 in Kraków as the son of Jan, a watchmaker, and Rozalia (née Hennel). In 1846 he completed pharmacy studies at the Jagiellonian University. In 1847–1854 he was an adjunct at the Department of Botany under Prof. J.R. Czerwiakowski, and in 1856–1858 he worked as a teacher of natural history at St Anne’s Gymnasium. In 1858 and 1859 he continued his studies in Rome, Berlin and Vienna, while in 1860–1861 he taught natural history at the Real School in Warsaw.

In 1862–1867 and 1869–1886 he served as professor of botany and plant physiology at the Institute of Rural and Forestry Management in Puławy, where he established a botanical garden. In 1868 he obtained a PhD in philosophy at the Jagiellonian University, and in 1876 he had it recognized (nostrified) at the University of Kharkiv. In 1886, due to serious illness, he ceased lecturing. During his studies and later he undertook numerous botanical excursions to the Carpathians and the Tatras.

He published many works and articles, the most important of which include: Wycieczka botaniczna w Tatry odbyta (“Biblioteka Warszawska”, 1855), Geographisch-botanische Skizze des Tatra-Gebirges (“Österreichische Botanische Wochenschrift”, 1855) and Flora północnej strony Tatrów, for which around 1858 he received an award from the Kraków Scientific Society. He is also the author of Spis roślin właściwych Tatrom (in: E. Janota, Przewodnik Tatrzański, 1860) and the fundamental work on the flora of Kraków and its surroundings—Flora cracoviensis (1859), which also includes a topographic and geognostic description of the Kraków area and an outline of the history of Polish botanical literature in this field. In 1857 he began printing the extensive work Flora Tatr, Pienin i Beskidu Zachodniego; due to the theft of the manuscript together with offprints, the work was published in full only in 1890 (edited by F. Błoński). He also published shorter texts, among others, in “Wszechświat” and “Tygodnik Ilustrowany”. He prepared several hundred botanical entries for the first edition of Encyklopedia Orgelbranda and Encyklopedia Rolnicza, translated textbooks from foreign languages, and his students published—based on his lectures—the textbook Botaniki Leśnej (1890). He left large herbarium collections, now partly housed in the Herbarium of the Faculty of Biology of the University of Warsaw. He was a member of the Kraków Scientific Society and the Zoologisch-Botanischer Verein in Vienna. He died on 24 November 1895 in Warsaw.

Botanist. He was born on 6 December 1854 in Tuligłowy (Przemyśl region) as the son of Rudolf, an estate manager in Bilcze. He completed secondary school in Lviv. In 1873–1875 he studied botany at the University of Lviv, and simultaneously (1873–1875) forestry at the National School of Forest Management in Lviv. In 1877–1879 he continued forestry studies at the Hochschule für Bodenkultur in Vienna.

In 1879–1916 he worked as an adjunct, and in 1916–1919 as professor of botany at the National School of Forest Management in Lviv. He was one of the more prominent Lviv botanists; throughout his life he collected valuable herbarium material from Podolia, the Eastern Carpathians and the vicinity of Lviv.

In 1889 he became involved in a widely discussed dispute with B. Dybowski and J. Nusbaum in connection with the rejection at the University of Lviv of his habilitation thesis, in which he attempted to reconcile the evolution of the organic world with Christian apologetics (later published as Teoria Psychy. Studium przyrodnicze apologetyczne, Lviv 1910). The second part, Teoria klimatycznego stworzenia istot organicznych, was not published. He was the author of 51 valuable contributions in floristics and plant systematics, published mainly in German in German and Austrian outlets, including “Österr. bot. Z.” and “Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien”, more rarely in “Kosmos” and publications of the AU in Kraków. In these works he described numerous new species, varieties and forms, especially in the genera Potentilla, Viola, Rosa, Galium. Larger works included Roślinność letnia i jesienna okolic Bilcza i Cygan. (“Kosmos”, 1880). Toward the end of his life he focused on plant geography and, drawing on his deep knowledge of the flora of Eastern Galicia, attempted to solve broader problems of its genesis. He published in German two works on the theory of climate evolution based on data from geology and botany (1906) and Versuch einer generischen Erklärung des Charakters der Flora von Lemberg (“Magyar Botanikai Lapok”, 1908). He died on 27 November 1919 in Lviv.

Botanist, physician. He was born in 1867 in Warsaw. From his school years he was interested in botany and conducted phenological observations in Mazovia. In 1891 he graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Warsaw. During his studies he published the articles: Kilka słów o truflach krajowych i sposobach ich poszukiwania (“Wszechświat” 1888, no. 37) and Spis roślin skrytokwiatowych zebranych w 1887 w Puszczy Białowieskiej (“Pamiętnik Fizjograficzny” 1888, no. 7).

In subsequent years he continued research, among others, in the Białowieża Forest and the Świsłocka Forest, and in the Gostyń–Częstochowa and Kielce–Sandomierz regions. In 1888–1890 he published the monograph of Polish liverworts Hepaticae polonicae (“Pamiętnik Fizjograficzny” 1890–1891, nos. 9–10) and described new Polish fungi in Fungi Polonici novi (“Hedwigia” 1889, no. 4). He prepared a critical review of Polish pasque-flowers, as well as the comparative study Szata roślinna Warszawy sprzed lat 250-u. He described eight new species of basidiomycete fungi and also distinguished several new varieties and forms within the national flora. He published articles devoted to the systematics of plants of Poland.

He died in 1910 at the age of 43, having contracted typhus from a patient. His library went to the library of the Warsaw Scientific Society and was later divided between the PAN Library in Kórnik and the University Library in Warsaw. The surviving herbaria are housed in the UW Herbarium.

Physician and naturalist. He was born in 1694 in Giżycko. He studied in Leiden and Königsberg, where he later worked as a court physician. He married the daughter of Helwing, a renowned naturalist. He was among the first in Europe to use smallpox vaccination. He published valuable works in natural history and medicine. He died in 1738.

Mycologist. She was born in 1940 in Warsaw. She graduated from the Faculty of Biology and Earth Sciences of the University of Warsaw in 1966. In 1974 she defended a doctoral dissertation on epixylic hyphomycetes. She is the author of volume 16 of the series “Flora Polska – Grzyby”, entitled Dematiaceae phialoconidiae. She published around 40 research papers in mycology.

For many years she served as director of the Institute of Botany. She was a member of the Polish Botanical Society. She deposited in the UW Herbarium numerous materials concerning microscopic wood-inhabiting fungi, primarily from the Kampinos Forest, the Białowieża Forest and the Ełk Lake District. She died in 2013.

Physician and botanist, social activist and mountaineer. He was born in 1820 in Radom. He began medical studies in 1838 in Vilnius at the Medico-Surgical Academy. After the academy was closed in 1840, he continued his education in 1840–1842 at the University of Dorpat (now Tartu, Estonia), and received the diploma of Doctor of Medicine and Surgery at the University of Würzburg in 1844. In 1845 he began medical practice in Warsaw; in 1848 he took part as a physician in the Hungarian uprising. In 1859–1862 he was professor of internal diseases at the Warsaw Medico-Surgical Academy, and then at the Main School of Warsaw (1862–1869) and the University of Warsaw (1869–1871). After the Russification of the University in 1871 he was dismissed.

Chałubiński is known above all as a distinguished social activist for Zakopane and the Tatras and as one of the founders of the Tatra Society. He first visited the Tatras in the 1850s, and began coming regularly on holiday to Zakopane from 1873. In 1879 he began building his own house in Zakopane, where he settled permanently in 1887. There he died two years later, on 17 June 1889. In recognition of his заслуги for the Tatras, the Gate of Chałubiński (Wrota Chałubińskiego) was named after him—one of the passes in the main ridge of the Tatras. His botanical interests concerned mainly mosses, which he collected, among others, during his Tatra excursions and to which he devoted two large monographs. His collections are held mainly in the herbarium of the Tatra Museum in Zakopane, while the UW Herbarium contains reference collections for Enumeratio Muscorum frondosorum tatrensium hucusque cognitorum. In his honour, Jadwiga Wołoszyńska named two species of dinoflagellates she described: Peridinium chalubinskii and Chalubinskia tatrica. However, today no alga bears his name, because these species were not in fact new. Peridinium chalubinskii is currently considered a synonym of P. raciborskii, and Chalubinskia tatrica a synonym of P. lomnickii. Marian Raciborski dedicated to Chałubiński a fossil horsetail he discovered (Equisetum chalubinskii).

Botanist and palaeobotanist. She was born in 1888 and died in 1982. A well-known florist, she participated, among others, in the revision of certain genera of angiosperms for Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands (ed. P.H. Davis). She is known mainly for her achievements in palaeobotany, including research conducted from 1947 on the Tertiary flora preserved in lignite deposits at the “Turów” mine, and a widely cited study of an Eocene forest stand based on remains preserved in Baltic amber. A Turkish vetchling species was named after her: Lathyrus czeczottianus Bassler. In 2024 it was possible to locate in the WA Herbarium the types of species described by Hanna Czeczott and to separate her collection.

Botanist, plant taxonomist, hydrobiologist. She was born in 1927. For most of her professional career she was associated with the University of Poznań.

In her scientific work she specialized in hydrobiology, conducting pioneering and detailed research on the distribution and taxonomy of stoneworts (Charophyceae) in Poland. She was an outstanding specialist in this field, culminating in the development of a Polish identification key for this group of algae. She died tragically in an accident in 1984.

Florist, educator. He was born on 22 November 1795 in the hamlet of Dogiele (Lida County) as the son of Józef and Elżbieta née Prokopowicz. In 1810 he entered the Piarist order, and in 1815–1816 he studied at Vilnius University, obtaining the degree of Candidate of Philosophy. He worked as a teacher of natural history and mathematics in Piarist schools in Szczuczyn and Drohiczyn. In 1821 he left the order and continued his teaching career in Łuków, and then in Sejny in 1826–1832.

After the November Uprising he was removed from teaching and took the post of postmaster in Szypliszki (Augustów Governorate). Despite changing professions, he did not abandon scientific activity. In 1829 he supplied Michał Szubert, for the herbarium of the Warsaw Botanical Garden, with 185 plant species from the Suwałki region. He published, among others, Spis roślin w ciągu trzech lat z uczniami szkoły wojew. sejneńskiej zebranych (1830), comprising 434 species (this work was reprinted and discussed in 1885 by J. Rostafiński), and the treatise Uwagi nad istotami przyrodzonemi a szczególnie nad roślinami. He is also the author of several works in the field of physics and mathematics. He died on 3 March 1863 in Szypliszki.

Radiologist and mycologist. He was born in 1920 and died in 2012. For many years he was actively involved in the work of the Mycological Section of the Warsaw Branch of the Polish Botanical Society.

His scientific passion was macrofungi. In his research and publications he devoted particular attention to toxicological issues, especially prevention and the avoidance of mushroom poisoning. He authored numerous works in mycology, combining medical and biological knowledge.

Botanist, florist. He was born on 29 August 1851 in Kielce as the son of Teodor and Józefa née Kozłowska. He studied natural sciences at the Imperial University of Warsaw, obtaining the degree of Candidate of Sciences. In 1881–1882 he taught geography at a real school in Warsaw, but as a result of repression and Russification he was removed from education. He worked as an excise administration clerk and, after returning from evacuation to Russia (1915–1919), in the Treasury Chamber, until retiring in 1925.

In parallel he conducted intensive floristic research covering the Neman-region areas of Lithuania, the Białowieża Forest, Mazovia, and Greater Poland. From 1884 he collaborated regularly with “Pamiętnik Fizjograficzny”. He was among the first researchers to produce a reliable study of the vegetation of the Białowieża Forest (together with F. Błoński and A. Ejsmond). He supplied herbarium material to the publication Flora polonica exsiccata by A. Rehmann and E. Wołoszczak, and he prepared the botanical section of the so-called Słownik warszawski of the Polish language. In 1932 he was granted honorary membership in the Polish Botanical Society. He left behind valuable collections, which are preserved in the Herbarium of the Faculty of Biology of the University of Warsaw. He died on 2 August 1937 in Warsaw.

Amateur ethnographer, collector. He was born in 1853 in Warsaw. Around the age of 20, influenced by Jan Karłowicz’s brochure Podręcznik dla zbierających rzeczy ludowe (1871), he devoted himself to studying folk culture, becoming one of the most distinguished collectors of ethnographic materials from the territories of Belarus and Poland.

His scholarly interests also included ethnobotany. Around 1883 he created a unique herbarium in which dried plant specimens were accompanied by precise descriptions of their folk names and their wide use in household practice and rural medicine. He died in 1923.

Physician, bryologist. He was born on 1 March 1845 in Radom as the son of Karol and Antonina née Chałubińska. After graduating from secondary school in Warsaw (1861) he studied natural sciences in Kraków and Paris, and then medicine in Würzburg, where in 1870 he obtained the degree of Doctor of Medicine. From 1871 until the end of his life he practiced medicine in Warsaw, serving, among other roles, as editor of “Kronika Lekarska” (1880–1882).

Under the influence of his uncle, Tytus Chałubiński, he took up the study of spore-bearing plants. He published floristic works, among others, in “Wszechświat” and “Pamiętnik Fizjograficzny”, where he published Spis mchów, wątrobowców i porostów z niektórych stanowisk Królestwa Polskiego (1881). He is also the author of the textbook Wiadomości początkowe z botaniki (1884). After his death (8 January 1891 in Siedlce) the botanical collections went to the Warsaw Horticultural Society and from there partly to the Herbarium of the University of Warsaw.

Geneticist and botanist. He was born in 1911 and died in 1997. He was one of the key figures of post-war Polish genetics, a professor at the University of Warsaw, and a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences.

In his scientific work he dealt, among other things, with cytogenetics and experimental systematics. The UW Herbarium holds his valuable collection of plants of the genus avens (Geum). These collections include not only specimens from natural sites, but above all rich material from his hybridization experiments, including numerous sheets documenting generations of F1 and F2 hybrids.

Physician, naturalist and botanist, Evangelical clergyman. He was born in 1666 in Węgorzewo. He studied at the University of Königsberg and then continued his education at numerous scientific centers in Europe. For many years he served as pastor of the parish in his native Węgorzewo.

He became renowned as an outstanding researcher of the flora of Prussia, and his works became the foundation of regional botany. He also showed great dedication as a physician, helping the sick during the plague epidemic of 1710. He authored valuable natural-history works describing, among other things, the vegetation of the Masurian region. He lived to the age of 82, dying in 1748.

Pomeranian botanist, educator, museum professional, and official in nature conservation institutions. He was born in Järshagen (now Jarosław, West Pomeranian Voivodeship). After graduating from a teacher-training seminary in Koszalin, from 1900 he lived and worked in Szczecin, teaching natural history first in a primary school and, from 1906, in a secondary school (in 1926 he became its deputy head). In 1909–1910 he supplemented his botanical education at the University of Jena. From 1897 he was a member of the Brandenburg Botanical Society.

From 1915 he served as curator of the botanical section of the Natural History Department of the Szczecin City Museum, and from 1918 he was secretary of the Pomeranian Natural History Society. He co-created the editorial team of the yearbook “Abhandlungen und Berichte der Pommerschen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft”, and from 1931 of its continuation entitled “Dohrniana”. From 1921 he served as commissioner of the Committee for the Protection of Natural Monuments of the Province of Pomerania, and from 1934 he was commissioner for the Szczecin Regierungsbezirk and two of its counties (Randow and Neugard), personally conducting inventories and environmental assessments.

In his scientific work he studied and protected the flora of Western Pomerania, specializing in taxonomically difficult groups: brambles (Rubus), roses (Rosa), cinquefoils (Potentilla), and sedges (Carex). He established 32 protected areas in the Szczecin Regierungsbezirk. He authored nearly one hundred publications (1899–1942), including pioneering reviews of Pomeranian species. Thanks to his work, the collections of the Szczecin Natural History Museum were revised and organized (he acquired, among others, the herbaria of W.A. Lackowitz). He died tragically in an accident in 1943. His own herbarium collections have formed part of the University of Warsaw Herbarium (acronym WA) since 1946. [Prepared by: Marta Kurzyńska]

Botanist, mycologist. She was born in 1923. She spent her entire professional life at Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń. In 1961 she defended her doctoral dissertation.

She specialized in the biology and ecology of cap fungi, with particular emphasis on the genus Collybia. She conducted research on mycelial productivity and the dynamics of fruiting-body appearance in common forest mushroom species.

She is the author of 23 scientific works in plant anatomy and mycology. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds mycological herbaria prepared by her.

Botanist; one of the most outstanding Polish naturalists of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, lecturer, organizer of science, and social activist. He was born in 1875 and died in 1963. He lectured in the natural sciences at universities in Dorpat (plant anatomy and physiology, general botany), Odessa (plant systematics and geography), and Warsaw (plant systematics, plant anatomy and geography, floristics, and the history of botany).

He made a significant contribution to research on Polish and Lithuanian flora and to the development of nature conservation in Poland. He also studied the flora of the Caucasus, Chukotka, and the Urals; with passion he verified the accuracy of descriptions of Lithuanian nature found in the works of Adam Mickiewicz. In 1914–1919 he served as director of the Botanical Garden in Odessa, and in 1920–1960 as director of the Botanical Garden of the University of Warsaw. He created the Department of Plant Systematics and Geography at the University of Warsaw, and in 1926–1927 he was rector of the university.

He was one of the founders and president of the Polish Botanical Society, vice-president of the State Council for Nature Conservation, and president of the Nature Conservation League (1929–1939). He belonged to the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Warsaw Scientific Society, and the Polish Academy of Sciences. As a lover of the history of botany he published the book Zarys dziejów botaniki and numerous articles on the history of Polish naturalists (including Anton Schneeberger, Seweryn Krzemieniewski, and Edward Strasburger); for these merits he was admitted to the International Academy of the History of Science in Paris. He cared for the herbarium and the botanical museum, and his most important achievements include, among others, determining the eastern limit of beech distribution and co-participation in the establishment of Białowieża National Park and Tatra National Park.

Lichen researcher. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds her lichen collections.

Polish naturalist: botanist, climatologist, forester, inventor and educator; founder of ergonomics and a pioneer of rehabilitation through work. Member of the Royal Warsaw Society of Friends of Science; author of Traktatu o Wiecznym Przymierzu Między Narodami Ucywilizowanymi, known as the “Constitution for Europe” (1831).

He was born on 15 (or 19) April 1799 in the village of Gewarty (today Szczepkowo-Giewarty) in the Poboże region (Zawkrze Land). After his father’s death, he received his first lessons in natural history from his mother, Marianna née Leśnikowska. He studied, among others, at the departmental school in Płock (“Małachowianka”), then at the Warsaw Lyceum, and in 1822 began studies in the natural sciences at the University of Warsaw. Already during his studies he cooperated with Karol Skrodzki and Michał Szubert; he obtained the master’s degree in philosophy on 1 July 1825.

As an employee of the University of Warsaw he undertook numerous scientific excursions, collecting specimens and compiling herbaria for the Botanical Garden. From youth he created the “Great collection of plants from the whole country, that is, a herbarium,” which he consistently expanded under Szubert’s guidance. In 1828 he was appointed adjunct-naturalist; in 1824–1830 he amassed a total of 1151 species of wild native plants, surveying vast areas of the then Kingdom of Poland. The results of some observations were published in Rośliny ciekawsze znalezione w Królestwie Polskiem (1829).

At the same time he dealt, among other things, with meteorology and scientific instruments: he designed the “Polish Compass” (a device for drawing sundials) and analyzed long-term meteorological observations, producing, among other things, a chart presenting a description of Warsaw’s climate. After the fall of the November Uprising (in which he took part), from 1836 he worked as professor of “natural history, physics and horticulture” at the Agronomic Institute in Marymont.

After 1860 he also worked in forestry (including afforestation of the dunes of the White Forest and Red Forest) and developed ideas of rehabilitation through work. After returning to Warsaw he established a nursery of rare tree species and cooperated with the Warsaw–Vienna Railway on projects to protect railway routes from snowdrifts and sand drifts. He died on 30 December 1882 in Warsaw; he was buried at Powązki. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds materials related to his natural-history activity. [Prepared by: Szymon Jastrzębowski]

Bryologist. He was born in 1945 in Kozy near Bielsko-Biała. He studied at the Faculty of Biology and Earth Sciences of the Jagiellonian University; he defended his master’s thesis in 1968 under Prof. Bronisław Szafran. He completed internships, among others, with Prof. Kornaś (UJ) and Prof. Kazimierz Karczmarz (UMCS).

From 1969 he was employed at the Institute of Biology of the University of Silesia in Katowice. In 1976 he defended a PhD dissertation entitled Ekologia i rozmieszczenie mszaków w Górnośląskim Okręgu Przemysłowym (under Prof. K. Rostański). From 1978 he headed the Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany at the Silesian Medical Academy in Sosnowiec, and in 1985 he submitted a habilitation thesis on liverworts of the Upper Silesian Industrial District and the Forest Protective Belt in the Silesian Upland in the face of anthropopressure.

Author of more than 70 research works, popular-science publications, and reviews; he lectured at the Faculty of Pharmacy of the Silesian Medical Academy and at the University of Silesia. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds his bryological collections.

Pharmacist and botanist, participant in the January Uprising. He studied at the Main School in Warsaw; he ran pharmacies, among others, in Łosice and Częstochowa. In 1872 he took up the post of pharmacist for Russian military hospitals. From 1880 he spent 20 years in Siberia (mainly in Irkutsk and on the Amur), where he assembled an impressive plant collection comprising about 800 species and about 80,000 specimens; exsiccatae from this collection are held in herbaria worldwide. In 1913 he settled in Warsaw, where he became curator and librarian of the Pharmaceutical Society.

The University of Warsaw Herbarium contains the largest collection in the world of plants collected by Ferdynand Karo. Polish flora is represented by about 1050 species of vascular plants (including from the environs of Warsaw, Łosice, Siedlce and Drohiczyn, Częstochowa, Lublin and Chełm), as well as single specimens from other regions of the country. The collection includes, among others, syntypes of taxa discovered by Karo and rich foreign collections (Siberia and the Far East) comprising about 500 plant species, including types and syntypes of species new to science.

The description of Karo’s collections in the Herbarium Generale of the University of Warsaw Herbarium was discussed in an article by H. Bukowiecki and B. Bełdowska (1968).

Pteridologist, biology educator, honorary member of the Polish Botanical Society. She was born in Warsaw in 1897. She studied at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the University of Warsaw (1914–1919). Her doctoral dissertation, written under Bolesław Hryniewiecki, was defended in 1927 at the Academy of Arts and Sciences in Kraków; it concerned the development of the prothallus and the first leaves of the sporophyte of native ferns (Polypodiaceae).

Her works included, among others, comparative studies of species from the genera Dryopteris and Thelypteris, mapping fern localities, and analyses of fern ranges on serpentinites. She collected for the herbarium all native fern species and verified identifications in collections; she completed this work around 1970.

She worked as a biology educator in various methodological centers, at teacher-training colleges and university faculties. During the occupation she organized clandestine university classes (including for biology, medicine, dentistry, and chemistry), providing care to about 300 students. She died in 1985. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds materials related to her pteridological activity.

Slovak botanist, ethnographer, archaeologist, and geologist. He identified several new plant species and created a herbarium comprising about 72,000 specimens. He was one of the founders of the Slovak Scientific Society, which later gave rise to the Slovak Academy of Sciences.

The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds specimens related to his collecting activity.

Botanist. He was born in 1886 in Niechcice (Piotrków Voivodeship). He was educated in Warsaw under Zygmunt Wóycicki and then studied botany and geography; in 1926 he obtained a doctoral degree on the basis of the dissertation Stosunki fitosocjologiczne Puszczy Kampinoskiej. He was associated with the Botanical Garden of the University of Warsaw, where he worked as an assistant and later as an inspector.

In 1931–1939 he was the first head of the Department of Dendrology at the Faculty of Forestry of SGGW. He habilitated in 1939, and after the war he organized the Chair of Forest Botany and Dendrology. He was involved, among other things, in rebuilding the Botanical Garden after wartime destruction; he published about 180 works in floristics and dendrology. An important work is the textbook Botanika leśna (1950).

His herbarium collections consist mainly of plants and lichens from Mazovia. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds collections related to his research activity.

Naturalist. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds collections related to his collecting activity. (Biographical note to be completed).

German teacher and botanist. He was born on 9 April 1854. He attended a school training primary-school teachers in Plathe, and then the teacher-training seminary in Pölitz (today Police). At the age of 22 he became a teacher in Jatznick near Pasewalk; he taught there and conducted extensive botanical research. Later he became headmaster and held this post until retirement in 1919, after which he moved to Szczecin.

He was a member of the Pomeranian Natural History Society (founded 1918) and contributed to the yearbook “Dohrniana”. He was friends with and collaborated with Ernst Holzfuss (curator of the botanical section of the city museum in Szczecin), continuing to build the herbarium until his death on 12 September 1939. His collections went to the Szczecin natural history museum; after World War II the surviving materials, including 39 herbarium folders of Kruse, were transported in 1946 to the University of Warsaw Herbarium.

German writer and popularizer of botany. He was born in 1835; he lectured at a higher school in Berlin and for many years was a reporter for the Botanical Society in Brandenburg.

He gained his greatest popularity thanks to Flora von Berlin und der Provinz Brandenburg (1891), which went through 15 editions; another important publication was Flora von Nord- und Mittel-Deutschland (1908).

He left a collection of more than 5,300 herbarium sheets of sedges (Carex) together with a catalogue. After his death in 1915, Ernst Holzfuss—curator of the botanical section of the Museum der Stadt Stettin – Naturkundemuseum—purchased this collection (Holzfuss, “Dohrniana” 1940). After the war it came to the University of Warsaw Herbarium, was digitized, and is made available on request.

Botanist. She was born on 29 April 1899 in Warsaw. She studied natural sciences at the University of Warsaw (from 1916, with breaks due to poor health), obtaining in 1925 a doctoral degree in philosophy in the field of botany.

She worked, among other roles, as a biology teacher (1926–1928), and in 1928–1939 she conducted bryological research at the Department of Plant Systematics and Geography at UW under Bolesław Hryniewiecki. During World War II she went into hiding in Warsaw and Kraków; she performed, among other tasks, work on identifying collections and worked as a gardener in the greenhouse of the Children’s Home in Konstancin (1942–1945).

After the war she was professionally associated, among other places, with Gdańsk and Gdynia. She organized the first palynological studies in Poland of marine bottom sediments, heading the Marine Sediment Dating Section at PIHM in Gdynia. The main directions of her research included bryology and peat studies (together with pollen analysis). More important works: Analizy pyłkowe torfowisk pasa bezświerkowego (1934), Wskazówki do badania torfu. Metody geobotaniczne, polowe i laboratoryjne (1951), Analiza pyłkowa prób powierzchniowych osadów dennych Zatoki Gdańskiej (1962). She died on 18 November 1963 in Gdańsk; she was buried in the cemetery in Wrzeszcz. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds materials related to her research activity.

Physician and florist. He was born in 1820 in Stepań in Volhynia; he completed secondary school in Równe, and studied medicine in Kyiv. During military service he traveled through the Caucasus, and during the Crimean War also through Turkish territories. The result of these journeys was a valuable herbarium.

After leaving military service in 1856 he settled in Zhytomyr. Arrested in 1863 for participation in the January Uprising, he was sentenced to hard labor (Usolye), then moved to Irkutsk, where he worked as a physician and carried out floristic observations. He died in 1870 without completing the planned study of the Siberian herbarium.

A larger part of the Caucasian collection remained in Kyiv; on the basis of these materials, among others, new species were described (Lagowskia physocarpa, Astragalus lagowskii). The Siberian herbarium comprised nearly a thousand species (including several new ones) and came from 107 localities in the Trans-Baikal region; in 1893 it was purchased by the Botanical Museum of the University of Lviv. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds specimens related to his collecting activity.

Botanist and engineer. He was born on 16 March 1823 in Kupiszki (Wiłkomierz County). Trained as an engineer, he was professionally associated, among other things, with transport administration and the railway. After experiences from the Caucasus period (drafted into the army in 1846), in 1857 he returned to the country and settled in Warsaw; he died on 14 December 1892.

Around 1863, under the influence of, among others, Feliks Berdau and Antoni Wałecki, he began to engage intensively with flora. He undertook numerous natural-history excursions (including the Tatras and the Pieniny), collected specimens, and built a library. In “Pamiętnik Fizjograficzny” he published works on flora and distribution ranges—including pioneering attempts in Poland to determine the lower and upper limits of plants’ vertical ranges. He also dealt with ethnobotany, recording highlander names of plants.

He is the author of many floristic contributions, as well as popular and ethnographic texts. He also worked on materials concerning Józef Łagowski’s Siberian herbarium. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds collections related to his botanical activity.

Botanist and mycologist. He was born in 1940 in Warsaw. He defended his doctorate in 1969 and his habilitation in 1978. He worked as a professor at the Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW); he was a member of the Presidium of the PTB Board and the Society’s archivist, and for many years also served as custodian of the PTB library.

He belongs, among others, to the Polish Phytopathological Society and the Warsaw Scientific Society, and was a member of the Scientific Council of the Institute of Botany of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków. He served on the editorial boards of journals including “Acta Mycologica”, “Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica”, and “Wiadomości Botaniczne”.

He is the author of more than 70 publications on the taxonomy, distribution, and ecology of fungi, including from the orders Laboulbeniales, Peronosporales, Erysiphales, Ustilaginales, and Uredinales. Part of his collections (including from scientific expeditions with Prof. Alina Skirgiełło) is held in the University of Warsaw Herbarium.

Botanist and phytopathologist. He was born on 25 August 1904 in Kharkiv, as the son of the director of the botanical garden of Kharkiv University. He studied at Vilnius University, obtaining in 1935 a master’s degree in philosophy in the field of botany. He worked as an assistant and adjunct in the Department of Plant Systematics and Geography at UWil., and from 1936 he was also inspector of the university Botanical Garden.

During World War II he worked in Vilnius, among other roles, as a bacteriologist. After 1945 he moved to Bydgoszcz, where he became associated with plant-protection units, organizing laboratories from scratch (including in mycology) and heading a phytopathology section and laboratory. In 1946 he organized the Municipal Botanical Garden in Bydgoszcz, which he managed until retiring in 1971.

His output includes physiographic works (including on lichens, slime molds, and fungi), as well as phytopathological publications on plant parasites. He died on 30 June 1973 in Bydgoszcz. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds materials related to his research activity.

Botanist and bryologist. She was born in 1931. As an assistant to Docent Irena Rejment-Grochowska, she worked on the mosses of the Suwałki region and later of Mazovia. She worked as an adjunct at the Department of Plant Systematics and Geography at UW.

The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds her bryological collections.

Lichenologist. He was born in 1900 in Kąclowa in the Sądecczyzna region. He studied at the Jagiellonian University; in 1925 he received his doctorate on the basis of a dissertation on nitrophilous lichen communities in the Tatras. He devoted his entire life to lichen research.

In 1938 he published the monograph Lichenum generis Usnea studium monographicum, presenting diagnoses and distribution of 451 species, subspecies, varieties, and forms of the genus Usnea. In 1956 he published four volumes of a lichen flora covering, among others, the families Cladoniaceae, Parmeliaceae, Thelocarpaceae, Umbilicariaceae, and Usneaceae. The last twenty years of his life he devoted to research on lichens of the family Lecanoraceae; after his death this work was continued by his daughter and collaborator, Dr. Maria Motyka-Zgłobicka.

The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds materials related to his lichenological activity.

Pharmacist, botanist, and pharmacognosist. He was born in 1884 in Wólka Nosowska. After pharmacy practice he studied, among other places, in Dorpat (Tartu), and then worked as an inspector of a botanical garden. In 1915–1920 he managed a state plantation of plants in the Caucasus. After returning to Poland he worked in the Ministry of Health, and in 1921 he became professor of pharmacognosy at Vilnius University.

After 1945 he organized and became the first dean of the Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Łódź; he founded the Medicinal Plant Garden. Author of more than 250 publications in botany, pharmacognosy, plant cultivation, herbalism, and phytotherapy (including Uprawa roślin leczniczych, 1946; Farmakognozja, 1957; Ziołolecznictwo i leki roślinne, 1958). He isolated, among others, the alkaloid selagine from Lycopodium selago and the glycoside rutin from buckwheat.

He died in 1957. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds his lichenological materials and collections of vascular plants (mainly from the Caucasus—Sukhumi).

Pallottine priest and botanist. He was born in 1931 in Wieprz near Żywiec. He studied, among other places, at the University of Wrocław, the Higher Theological Seminary in Ołtarzew, and the University of Warsaw. He took part in numerous missions and research expeditions (including Rwanda, Burundi, Zaire), from which he brought back interesting herbarium collections. He is the author of numerous scientific publications.

One of his particularly valuable works is Flora Naczyniowa Grojca (Beskid Żywiecki) (2012), regarded as one of the best-prepared monographs of this type in Poland. PDF.

The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds materials related to his collecting activity.

Botanist and mycologist. He was born in 1847 in Trojanów Lubelski. He studied at the Main School in Warsaw; in 1870 he obtained the title of Master of Natural Sciences. He worked, among other roles, in education in Lublin (eventually as a headmaster). He received his doctorate in 1876 in Wrocław, describing, among other things, new species of chytrids (Chytridiaceae).

Author of mycological works and studies on spore-bearing plants (including on entomopathogenic fungi). In his honor A. Bozzi in 1885 named a new chytrid species Chytridia nowakowskia; his surname also gave rise to the genus name Nowakowskiella Schroet., currently comprising at least 15 species.

His preserved collections include algae as well as aquatic and entomopathogenic fungi. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds materials related to his research activity.

Biographical note to be completed. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds collections related to his collecting activity.

German pharmacist from Treuenbrietzen. He was born in 1806; he studied in Berlin and practiced in Luckau. He specialized in research on diatoms and lichens.

During the war a large part of his original exsiccatae was lost; those that remained include many thousands of specimens. He died in 1881.

The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds materials related to his collecting activity.

Physician and botanist, regarded as a pioneer of the nature conservation movement in Poland. He was born in 1863 near Ćmielów and died in 1917 in Zakopane. He studied natural sciences at the Jagiellonian University and then, among other places, in Bonn and Munich. He was interested in fungi and plant diseases.

In 1896–1900 he took part in a scientific expedition, preparing a study of the fern flora of Java. From 1900 he headed a chair in Dublany, and from 1909 he worked as professor of botany at the University of Lviv; he was also associated with the Jagiellonian University. He published a total of 178 papers (further ones appeared after his death), covering a very broad spectrum of issues—from vascular plant flora, through spore plants, slime molds and fungi, to paleobotany, species variability, and evolution.

The collections of the University of Warsaw Herbarium include his algological and mycological materials.

Polish geographer, geomorphologist, geobotanist, and traveler. He was born in 1840 in Kraków and died in 1917 in Lviv. In 1860–1863 he studied natural sciences and geography at the Jagiellonian University, obtaining in 1864 a doctorate in philosophy in botany; he habilitated in 1869. From 1882 he was professor at the University of Lviv, and in 1884–1897 he also lectured in botany at the Academy of Veterinary Medicine in Lviv.

He conducted extensive field research: he studied, among other things, the steppes of Podolia, the banks of the Dniester, and the Chornohora range; he traveled to the Caucasus and Crimea and undertook multi-year expeditions to Southern Africa. During his work and travels he amassed very abundant herbarium material, whose collections are still found in herbaria worldwide. He described, among others, new plant taxa, including Artemisia absinthium L. var. calcigena Rehm. (now regarded as an endemic in the Pieniny Mountains).

The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds materials related to his research and collecting activity.

Botanist, bryologist. She was born in 1911. In 1930 she began studies at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the University of Warsaw. Her master’s thesis Wątrobowce (Hepaticae) okolic Warszawy was prepared under Bolesław Hryniewiecki. In 1936–1939 she was a doctoral student at UW on a scholarship from the National Culture Fund. She received the degree of Doctor of Botany in April 1940 on the basis of the dissertation Czynniki ekologiczne i rozmieszczenie geograficzne wątrobowców (Hepaticae) Beskidu Śląskiego.

During World War II she took part in clandestine teaching. From January 1947 she was associated with the Department of Plant Systematics and Geography at the University of Warsaw, where she worked until her death. She published her first scientific work while still a student; by 1979, together with co-authors, she had published several dozen works, including monographs and popular-science articles. She was one of the co-authors of the repeatedly reissued textbook Rośliny zarodnikowe.

She held numerous academic and organizational roles, also engaging in the work of the Division of Biological Sciences of the Polish Academy of Sciences. In 1972–1975 she served as acting director of the Institute of Botany, and in 1975–1978 she was dean of the Faculty of Biology at UW. She worked on the editorial board of the series “Flora Polska – Rośliny Zarodnikowe” and for many years was active in the Board of the Polish Botanical Society. She enriched the University of Warsaw Herbarium with numerous materials on bryophytes.

Botanist and paleobotanist. She was born in 1910 in Warsaw and died in 1983. She graduated from Narcyza Żmichowska Secondary School in Warsaw and from the Faculty of Natural Sciences of the University of Warsaw. During her studies she specialized in botany, while simultaneously undertaking geographic studies in cartography and meteorology. She defended her master’s thesis Ramienice (Charophyta) Pojezierza Suwalskiego, written under Bolesław Hryniewiecki, in 1936 (the manuscript and part of the materials were lost during the war).

In 1937 she obtained qualifications to teach biology; she worked as an educator, among other places, in Lublin and Grodzisk Mazowiecki. In 1940 she returned to Warsaw and taught in clandestine classes. After the war, until 1950, she continued teaching, and then took up research work at the Geological Institute, where she developed interests in paleobotany, carrying out spore–pollen analyses, among others, of the vicinity of Zawiercie and the northern fringes of the Świętokrzyskie Mountains. Her valuable stonewort collection is preserved in the University of Warsaw Herbarium.

Botanist, florist. He was born in 1850 in Warsaw and died in 1928 in Kraków. In 1866–1869 he studied natural sciences at the Main School in Warsaw, and then trained, among other places, in Jena, Halle, and Strasbourg. He was a professor at the Jagiellonian University and a member of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences. He is regarded as one of the pioneers of Polish floristics.

His Przewodnik do oznaczania roślin w Polsce dziko rosnących went through 21 editions. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds his algological materials.

Mycologist. She was born in 1924 in Piotrowice (Łowicz County). During World War II she was seriously wounded and spent several years in hospital; she continued her education in clandestine classes. After the war—while working for a living—she completed a lower and upper secondary school for working adults; she passed her final exams in 1952. In 1957 she graduated from the Faculty of Biology and Earth Sciences of the University of Warsaw, specializing in mycology under Alina Skirgiełło.

Since her student years she was associated with the Department of Plant Systematics and Geography at UW, where she worked until retirement. In 1966 she defended a PhD dissertation entitled Studium nad grzybami psammofilnymi Puszczy Kampinoskiej. She worked as an educator, was also a court expert, and carried out poisoning analyses for epidemiological stations. She is the author of 14 scientific works and several popular publications. She donated to the University of Warsaw Herbarium a large collection of psammophilous fungi, including numerous specimens from the group formerly treated as Gasteromycetes.

Botanist, mycologist. She was born in 1911 in what is now Ukraine; she spent her childhood in Russia and obtained her school-leaving certificate in Grodno. She studied at the University of Warsaw and, after completing her studies, was associated with the Department of Plant Systematics and Geography at UW, where she worked until retirement. She held, among other roles, the positions of head of the Department and director of the Institute of Botany, and in 1968–1975 she was dean of the Faculty of Biology at UW.

She was an honorary member, among others, of the Committee of Botany of the Polish Academy of Sciences, the Polish Botanical Society, and the European Mycological Society. She published more than 180 works; for many years she edited the series “Grzyby (Mycota)”, was the founder and editor of the journal “Acta Mycologica”, and a co-author of the repeatedly reissued textbook Rośliny zarodnikowe. She participated in numerous congresses of European mycologists.

She belongs among those most deserving for the University of Warsaw Herbarium: during World War II, at risk to her life, she moved valuable materials to a safe place and cared for the collections. She enriched the herbarium with hundreds of specimens of cap fungi, organized collections, and estimated their richness. She is the author of Powstanie i rozwój Zakładu Systematyki i Geografii Roślin UW (w zarysie) (2001), containing important information on the history of the Herbarium. She died in 2007.

Botanist, bryologist. She was born in 1927. As an assistant to Docent Irena Rejment-Grochowska she worked on liverworts and mosses of the Suwałki region. She defended a doctorate on the bryophyte flora of Mazovia. From 1949 she was associated with the Department of Plant Systematics and Geography at the University of Warsaw.

She published a number of works in bryology; together with Jadwiga Mickiewicz she is a co-author of the textbook Zarys briologii (1973), still used today. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds her collections of mosses and liverworts.

Botanist. She was born in 1952 in Warsaw. Since 1976 she has worked at the Faculty of Biology of the University of Warsaw. She obtained her PhD in 1984 and her habilitation in 1999 (biology, floristics). She is associated with the Department of Plant Ecology and Environmental Protection at UW.

Author and co-author of many publications in botany, especially phytogeography and synanthropization of flora. She studies floristic changes related to human activity (urbanization, disappearance of xerothermic grasslands, introductions, etc.), both contemporary and historical (e.g., the flora of Black Sea kurgans). She has participated in numerous research expeditions, among others to Central Asia and to Mediterranean and Pontic regions. Co-creator of the computer program Flora ojczysta for identifying Central European plants.

Polish physician, teacher, and naturalist. He was born in 1838 in Warsaw and died there in 1912. In 1860 he graduated with distinction from the pharmaceutical faculty of the Medical-Surgical Academy in Warsaw, then studied medicine; he obtained his medical diploma in 1865. He became prosector of comparative anatomy at the Chair of Zoology of the Main School, where he worked until its closure in 1869.

Later he lectured in the natural sciences, and from 1875 he devoted himself to medical practice without interrupting his natural-history research. In 1883 he was appointed municipal physician of Warsaw. He was also interested in entomology and undertook long scientific journeys (including Lapland, the Pyrenees, the Urals, the Caucasus, and Africa). He published in many Polish and foreign journals, including “Wszechświat”, “Pamiętnik Fizjograficzny”, and “Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift”.

Botanist. He was born in 1787 in Ząbki near Warsaw and died in 1860. He completed natural-science studies in France. After returning to Poland in 1813 he lectured in botany at the Warsaw Lyceum and in forestry at the School of Law and Administration; after the latter was incorporated into the University of Warsaw he was appointed professor of botany.

In 1816 he took the post of director of the Botanical Garden of the University of Warsaw, which he largely had to create from scratch. He worked on plant anatomy and published, among others, Rozprawę o składzie wewnętrznym roślin (1823) and Rozprawę o składzie nasienia (1824). He wrote the first Polish textbook of forest botany, Opisanie drzew i krzewów leśnych Królestwa Polskiego (1827). His Spis Roślin Ogrodu Botanicznego (1820, 1824) is regarded as one of the earliest 19th-century floras of the Warsaw area.

He created a thriving botanical garden in Warsaw, which by 1824 numbered about 10,000 plant species. Among those trained under him were Jakub Waga and Wojciech Jastrzębowski.

Algologist. She was born in 1945. Her entire professional life has been associated with the Department of Plant Systematics and Geography at the University of Warsaw, where she worked as a senior lecturer. She studies algae of the order Oedogoniales.

Phytopathologist. She was born in 1917 in Sosnowiec and died tragically in 2004. She studied botany at the University of Poznań. During World War II she interrupted her studies; she was active in the ZWZ and the Polish Red Cross, distributing underground press. After the war she returned to her studies and obtained her diploma in 1946.

She worked as an assistant in the Chair of Botany and Pharmacognosy of the University and Polytechnic in Wrocław; from January 1950 she was associated with the Chair of Phytopathology. She defended her doctorate in 1950 at UMCS in Lublin. She worked in botany, mycology, phytopathology, and ecology, focusing especially on fungi from the Pyrenomycetes group. She published 110 original works and 10 popular-science pieces; she was an outstanding educator—supervising about 80 master’s theses and 11 doctorates.

She was active in scientific associations, among others the Polish Phytopathological Society and the Polish Botanical Society, as well as in numerous social initiatives. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds her mycological collections (including materials of phytopathogenic fungi).

Botanist and florist; associated with the Botanical Garden of the University of Warsaw. In 1916—alongside the management of the Station—he took up the post of inspector of the UW Botanical Garden. He played an important role in saving the Garden from destruction and in its reorganization: he established new collections of outdoor plants, organized the existing collections, and introduced Polish nomenclature. Soon afterwards he published a guide to the Botanical Garden.

He conducted lively educational activity: he lectured at agricultural and horticultural courses (from 1918 transformed into the Warsaw University of Life Sciences) and, as a substitute, taught plant physiology at the reborn University of Warsaw. After taking up the post of Garden inspector he moved to Warsaw and lived in the cottage at Aleje Ujazdowskie 4, located within the Botanical Garden grounds (today it houses the Department of Plant Systematics and Geography at UW).

Botanist. He was born on 25 July 1800 in Grabowo (Łomża Land) and died on 23 February 1872 in Łomża. He studied natural sciences at the University of Warsaw (1821–1824) under Feliks Paweł Jarocki and Michał Szubert; he obtained a master’s degree in philosophy on the basis of the dissertation O narządach oddychalnych ryb.

He worked as a teacher in Warsaw, Radom, and Łomża, and in 1851 became a secondary-school inspector. In 1829 he undertook, with M. Szubert and W. Jastrzębowski, a floristic journey around the country. He is the author of Flora Polska (1847–1848), based on descriptions of living plants occurring in the then Kingdom of Poland. He helped Szubert collect plants for the Botanical Garden of the University of Warsaw; a monument was erected to him in the Garden (a bust destroyed during World War II was recreated and unveiled again in 1964).

Botanist. He was born in 1905 in Taganrog on the Sea of Azov. After completing studies at the University of Warsaw, in 1928 he was employed as a junior assistant at the Department of Plant Systematics and Geography. In 1930 he defended a doctoral dissertation prepared under Bolesław Hryniewiecki.

He was an expert and collector of mosses and a lover of research expeditions. He traveled, among other places, to Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Lapland, the Caucasus, and also to Kenya and Uganda. The journeys resulted in numerous valuable herbarium collections, especially of bryophytes; they survived the war hidden in the State Zoological Museum. One of the important works in his output is the dissertation Zespoły mszaków epifitycznych Polski ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem Puszczy Białowieskiej.

During the occupation he took part in clandestine teaching and was active in the Home Army. He was executed by the Germans on 30 November 1943 in Warsaw (Solec 63). Part of his herbaria, including bryophyte collections, is preserved in the University of Warsaw Herbarium.

Algologist, limnologist, paleobotanist, and hydrobiologist. She was born in 1882 in Nadwórna near Stanisławów and died in 1951 in Kraków. She obtained her doctoral degree at the University of Lviv in 1912. From 1930 she worked as professor of pharmaceutical botany at the Jagiellonian University, and in 1950–1951 also at the Kraków Medical Academy. From 1945 she was a member of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences.

She published about 50 works in algology, devoted, among other things, to phytoplankton of lakes in Poland, Lithuania, and Ukraine, as well as of Java, Sumatra, and African lakes (including Lake Victoria). She described about 170 new algal taxa, including 7 new genera and numerous fossil taxa. She studied mountain lakes, discovering species new to science; a significant part of her achievements consists of studies of Tatra algae.

Polish botanist. She was born in Kraków on 26 January 1915. A graduate of the University of Poznań (1938), based on a master’s thesis entitled Wyższa roślinność wodna Wielkopolski prepared under Adam Wodziczko. During World War II she was deported with her fiancé to a Soviet labor camp; after escaping she made a long journey back (including Persia, East Africa, Canada).

After returning to Poland she worked, among other places, at the State Agricultural and Forestry Publishing House (1950–1953), at the Institute of Ecology of the Polish Academy of Sciences (1953–1970), and at the Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization of the Polish Academy of Sciences (1970–1985). She defended her doctorate in 1964 on the basis of the dissertation Zbiorowiska chwastów zbożowych Mazowsza, and obtained her habilitation in 1976 (Faculty of Biology, UW) on the basis of the work Charakterystyka siedlisk polnych na Pogórzu Beskidu Niskiego metodami biologicznymi.

The most important professional achievements include, among others, research on segetal communities of Mazovia and the Suwałki Lakeland, an innovative characterization of arable habitats of the Low Beskid Foothills, and studies of bioindication methods. Her collection of weeds from Mazovia is preserved in the University of Warsaw Herbarium (acronym WA).

Algologist. She was born in 1907 in Warsaw and died in 1966. She studied at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the University of Warsaw and specialized in algology at the Department of Plant Systematics and Geography. During her studies she completed algological internships, among others, in Lunz (Austria) and St. Malo (France) as well as at the River Pumping Station in Warsaw. She also collected algae at Lake Wigry under Jadwiga Wołoszyńska.

She spent the occupation period in Krosno. After the war she worked briefly at SGGW and at UW, and from 1956 she was associated with the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology in Warsaw. Her output includes more than 20 works and reports in algology; she defended a doctorate on the distribution and biology of algae of the order Desmidiales in 1951. Algal herbaria are held in the University of Warsaw Herbarium.

A married couple of botanists and mycologists, collectors. Wanda (née Heitzman) was born in 1900 in Tarnów; Jan Zabłocki was born in 1894 in Wieliczka. Both graduated from the Faculty of Philosophy of the Jagiellonian University. They married in 1925 and soon both defended doctorates; Jan habilitated in 1930 on the basis of a work on the Tertiary flora of Chodzież, and Wanda, after the occupation, presented a work on mycorrhiza in the genus Viola.

In 1946 they moved from Kraków to Toruń, where Jan became head of the chair of horticultural botany at UMK. Wanda participated in establishing the Department of General Botany and the Department of Microbiology at UMK, and then headed the Department of Mycology. Wanda Zabłocka specialized in mycology and phytopathology (including gasteromycetes, the genus Hypholoma, mycorrhiza) and in popularizing mycological knowledge. Jan Zabłocki worked on paleobotany and entomology and was a tireless collector.

The Zabłockis’ herbarium collections were at least partly donated to the University of Warsaw Herbarium; others, including paleobotanical and entomological materials, remained in Toruń (UMK).

Algologist. She was born in Warsaw in 1953. Associated with the Department of Plant Systematics and Geography at the University of Warsaw, where she also served as head. She deals with the taxonomy and phylogeny of euglenids.

Lichenologist. She was born on 26 September 1929. She spent her childhood, among other places, in Polesia and the Vilnius region; later she tied her life to Warsaw, where in 1948 she obtained her school-leaving certificate. She studied at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the University of Warsaw and graduated in 1953, receiving a master’s degree in philosophy in botany. Already during her studies she focused her interests on lichens; her master’s thesis, prepared at the Department of Plant Systematics and Geography at UW, concerned epiphytic lichens of the Warsaw area.

She began her professional work while still a student, among other places at the Medical Academy in Warsaw. From 1955 she worked at the University of Warsaw (initially in the Botanical Garden), and from October 1957 until retirement she was associated with the Department of Plant Systematics and Geography. In 1964 she defended a PhD under Alina Skirgiełło entitled Porosty Puszczy Kampinoskiej. She studied, among other things, epiphytic flora and psammophilous organisms. The University of Warsaw Herbarium holds her valuable lichenological materials, coming mainly from Mazovia.

Botanist. He was born in 1889 in Ludwinów near Kraków and died in 1916. He completed natural-science studies at the Jagiellonian University. In 1906 he was employed at the Physiographic Museum of the Academy of Arts and Sciences in Kraków. His mentors included, among others, Władysław Kulczyński, Seweryn Krzemieniewski, and Marian Raciborski; from 1912, as Raciborski’s assistant, he conducted work in the UJ Herbarium.

His achievements include, among others, studies of the flora of Tatra caves, publication of a herbarium of Polish mosses Bryotheca Polonica, and an important paleobotanical work Fossile Flora des Kraukauer Diluviums (1914). He also worked on selected families for Flora Polska and prepared monographs, among others, of gentians, scabiouses, lady’s mantles, and rockroses. In the University of Warsaw Herbarium one can find moss herbaria prepared by him.